Syllabus:

Introduction to Selenium WebDriver

• Introduction to Selenium and its features

• Understanding the Selenium WebDriver architecture

• Setting up the development environment (Python, Selenium, WebDriver, etc.)

Locating Elements

• Locating elements on a web page using various methods:

  • By ID, class name, tag name, name, link text, partial link text, CSS selectors, and XPath

Interacting with Elements

• Clicking elements

• Typing and entering text into input fields

• Selecting options from dropdowns

• Handling checkboxes and radio buttons

• Uploading files

• Performing mouse actions (hover, right-click, etc.)

• Executing JavaScript

Working with Windows and Frames

• Switching between windows and frames

• Handling multiple windows and pop-ups

Synchronization and Waits

• Implicit waits

• Explicit waits with expected conditions

• Handling AJAX calls and dynamic elements

• FluentWait for custom conditions

Handling Alerts, Confirmations, and Prompts

• Accepting, dismissing, and sending text to alerts

• Handling confirmation dialogs and prompts

Working with Cookies

• Managing cookies (adding, deleting, etc.)

Capturing Screenshots and Logging

• Taking screenshots of web pages

• Logging actions and events

Handling Dropdowns

• Handling dropdown menus and select options

Handling Frames and iFrames

• Switching to frames and interacting with elements inside frames

Handling Browser Windows and Tabs

• Opening new windows and tabs

• Switching between windows and tabs

• Closing windows and tabs

Handling Actions and Keyboard Events

• Performing advanced user interactions (drag and drop, double-click, etc.)

• Simulating keyboard events (key presses, key releases, etc.)

Handling Dynamic Web Elements

• Handling elements with dynamic IDs, names, or attributes

Handling JavaScript Alerts, Prompts, and Confirmations

• Executing JavaScript code on web pages

• Handling various JavaScript alerts, prompts, and confirmations

Handling Browser Navigation

• Navigating back, forward, and refreshing web pages

Page Object Model (POM)

• Introduction to POM

• Designing and implementing a POM framework

Handling Web Tables

• Reading and extracting data from HTML tables

Handling Web Forms

• Automating form submission

• Validating form fields

Data Driven Testing

• Reading test data from external files (Excel, CSV, etc.)

• Parameterizing tests with test data

Test Frameworks and Reporting

• Introduction to test frameworks (unittest, pytest, etc.)

• Test case organization and structuring

• Generating test reports

Parallel Execution and Cross-Browser Testing

• Running tests in parallel

• Running tests on different browsers (Chrome, Firefox, etc.)

Introduction to Selenium Grid

• Distributed test execution using Selenium Grid

This syllabus covers the fundamental concepts and techniques of Selenium WebDriver with Python. It provides a comprehensive foundation for automating web applications using Selenium. Keep in mind that this syllabus can be customized based on your specific learning goals and requirements.

Resources

Introduction to Selenium WebDriver

For History of Selenium and Other information about it

The architecture of Selenium WebDriver consists of the following:

• Selenium Client Library

• JSON WIRE PROTOCOL Over HTTP Client

• Browser Drivers

• Browsers

1- Selenium Client Library

The Selenium Client Library consists of various language libraries for Java, Ruby, Python, and other supported languages.

2- JSON WIRE PROTOCOL Over HTTP Client

JSON denotes Javascript Object Notation. This component of the Selenium WebDriver plays an important role in the Selenium automation process by transferring data between the server and a client on the web.

3- Browser Drivers

Browser drivers are used to carry out the communication between the Selenium WebDriver and the respective browser. The Browser drivers ensure that no details are revealed to the browser regarding the internal logic of the functionalities of the browser.

4- Browsers

As already discussed above, the browsers supported are Firefox, Safari, Chrome, and more.

Selenium Grid

This component of the Selenium suite works together clubbed with the Selenium RC. It is used to run parallel tests on machines against their respective browsers. The working of Selenium Grid depends on the browsers and operating systems supported by the entire framework. Since almost all browsers and operating systems are supported by Selenium, it is easier for the Selenium Grid to run multiple tests at the same time against different machines with different browsers.

Setting Up Development Environment

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Locating Elements

1. By.XX

Be sure to first import this:

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

find_element(By.ID, "id")
find_element(By.NAME, "name")
find_element(By.XPATH, "xpath")
find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "link text")
find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "partial link text")
find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "tag name")
find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "class name")
find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "css selector")

Interacting with Elements

1. Navigating

    from selenium import webdriver
    driver.get("http://www.google.com")
   

2. Interacting with the page

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
   
    element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "passwd-id")
    element.send_keys("some text")
   

3. Filling in Forms

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
   
    select = Select(driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'name'))
    select.select_by_index(index)
   

4. Drag and Drop

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
   
    ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(element, target).perform()
   

5. Moving between Windows and Frames

    from selenium import webdriver
   
    driver.switch_to.window("windowName")
   

6. Popup Dialogs

from selenium import webdriver

alert = driver.switch_to.alert

1. Navigation: History and Location

from selenium import webdriver

driver.forward()

1. Cookies

from selenium import webdriver

driver.add_cookie({'name': 'foo', 'value': 'bar'})